Steering systems
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Steering systems are designed according to the use requirements of the vehicle. They can be in single or multi-axle designs.
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Principles of steering
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The steering system provides control over direction of travel, good maneuverability, smooth recovery from turns, and minimum transmission of road shocks.
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Rack-and-pinion steering
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Rack-and-pinion type steering gears are used because they are compact and light-weight, give sharp steering response, and light operation.
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Rack-and-pinion steering system
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The primary components of the rack and pinion steering system are: Rubber bellows; Pinion; Rack; Inner ball joint or socket; Tie-rod.
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Recirculating ball & nut steering system
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The primary components of the recirculating ball and nut steering system are: Pitman arm shaft; Idler arm; Track rod or center link; Tie-rod; Tie-rod end; Adjustment sleeve.
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Four-wheel steering systems
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The relationships between the steering system, the wheel positions, and the suspension system, form what is called the steering geometry.
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